Thursday, March 21, 2013

Compass Therapy: Handling Resistance


Jesus used the analogy of planting seeds to describe the process whereby people are exposed to God’s Word and develop their unique way of responding to it.

I like this earthy analogy. It has similar implications for the counselor who wishes to plant seeds of personality wholeness or interpersonal communication in counselees. 

Collaborative Implantation

I am always watching for the opportunity to plant the seeds of caring, courage, humility, or esteem in counselees, for these can eventually germinate into personality balance and interpersonal fulfillment—two universal human needs.

Collaborative implantation lets you reflect the counselee’s perceptual field while at the same time sewing seeds for needed growth.

Shen is a sixteen-year-old sophomore who doesn’t like school. He spends a lot of time alone in his room listening to the latest teen music and playing video games. You are working with him to overcome his withdrawn trend and its concomitant social isolation and depression. 

After a number of sessions, you’ve helped him develop an interpersonal language for his feelings and receive adjunct medical therapy in the form of an antidepressant. He is doing much better now in holding his own with new friends and paying attention in class.

A new problem arises that Shen doesn’t recognize. “My sister is so stupid when it comes to music. I really let her have it this week.”
     
As you explore this new topic, you find that Chunnie, Shen’s thirteen-year-old sister, idolizes him. She hangs on his every word and takes what he says to heart. You realize he’s trying out his newfound strength and assertion by putting her down a lot. 

How do you help Shen develop a more compassionate attitude toward his sister, while continuing to develop his strengths? You try collaborative implantation.
         “Chunnie is so ridiculous,” he chides. “She thinks these totally plastic rock groups are so cool.”
         “Sounds like she doesn’t have your sophistication in listening to music. Yet she looks up to you so much. I bet she’d be so thrilled if you became the nurturing brother that she needs.”
         “What do you mean?”
         “You know; someone who believes in her—who helps her along without criticizing her. Of course, that takes quite a lot of skill. Most big brothers talk down to their little sisters. They don’t know how much damage that causes.”
         “It’s just that I can’t believe some of the groups she likes. They’re terrible!”
         “I know what you mean. The groups she chooses are ones you might have chosen at thirteen, before you developed more musical expertise. I can tell it would be hard for you—and maybe even impossible—to keep some of your critical comments to yourself.”
         “I can do that. But who will teach her what’s what if I don’t?”
         “So it seems to you like a special mission in life to correct your sister and make her adopt your beliefs and tastes. Like maybe she should be your clone.”
         “Hey, I’m not that bad. But I get what you’re saying—that I shouldn’t get on her case so much.”
          “That’s a very mature insight. I’m impressed. Keep that up and I bet you’ll be giving her a supportive hug before you know it.”
       
Do you see what is happening? How Shen’s rigid and sophomoric superiority is being challenged with new growth? And how his one-upmanship is expanded into a word picture of what it would look like to develop a more supportive big brother role?

         

In fact, because you’ve planted these seeds of healthier give and take with his sister, Shen gradually shifts his behavior in that direction. You feel gratified when a couple of months later Chunnie comes in for a session. She mentions in passing how well Shen has been treating her.

For more, read: Christian Counseling That Really Works

Christian Counseling
 

Thursday, March 14, 2013

Compass Therapy Interprets Personality Rigidity

Compass Therapy interprets personality rigidity as the way in which people unconsciously try to minimize anxiety by becoming inflexible, opting for stereotypic mind-sets that offer false security and impair actualizing development. These mind-sets congeal into rigid trends and patterns, defying the Self Compass LAWS (Love and Assertion, Weakness and Strength) of wholeness, even though this is not the person’s intention. 

Usually people are unaware of behavioral rigidity, simply thinking, “This is how I’ve always been.” Nevertheless, these trends and patterns are formidable barriers that arrest growth toward loving self, others, and God, constituting a hidden dimension of sin within the human condition.

Personality Rigidity

The Self Compass can help. It provides not only a model for comprehending personality dysfunction, but also places behavioral rigidity on a continuum with actualizing growth, thereby revealing a bridge of continuity that shows how to move from rigidity to the actualizing rhythms of personality health. 

A rigid personality trend strands individuals in a lifestyle characterized by too much dependency, too much aggression, too much withdrawal, too much control, or a combination of these trends.

This growth deficiency is held in place by an unconscious manipulative attitude, a way of treating both self and others as objects for manipulation rather than persons worthy of respect and love. As Buber suggested, manipulation reduces the “I - Thou” quality of life to “I - It.”

Anna Freud described how specific defense mechanisms, which we call manipulative trends, need challenging, so that individuals can come to grips with their underlying concerns. Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, Harry Stack Sullivan, Karen Horney, Eric Berne, Abraham Maslow, Virginia Satir, and Aaron Beck, among other theorists, describe from their own perspective the four manipulative trends of dependency, aggression, withdrawal, and compulsive control.

Compass personality theory locates these trends around the Self Compass, yielding an intelligible map for understanding and transforming them. 

The Trends Self Compass: Dr. Dan & Kate Montgomery

Notice how the Trends Self Compass shows the familiar healthy compass points on the outer circle and summarizes their actualizing expression. Expressing these polarities rhythmically helps generate personality health and relational fulfillment.
  • Actualizing Love fosters nurturing and forgiving
  • Healthy Weakness expresses vulnerability and uncertainty
  • Diplomatic Assertion offers expressiveness and assertiveness
  • Humble Strength yields confidence and adequacy
The shaded interior circle reveals the unconscious hidden agenda that governs each trend. This circle is smaller than the actualizing circle, and bordered by a thicker ring, indicating that manipulative trends contract the personality, constricting freedom by diminishing creativity. Trust in the spiritual core is infiltrated by core fear, the distorting force that underlies manipulative living.

While everyone is occasionally dependent or aggressive, withdrawn or controlling, a manipulative trend fixates into a predictable way of life that has dehumanizing repercussions.
  • Wilhelm Reich observed that manipulation tenses body musculature, terming it character armor. 
  • Karen Horney described manipulation as a tragic waste of human potential. 
  • Carl Rogers viewed manipulation as a struggle for authenticity between an idealized self and a real self. 
  • Joseph Wolpe described rigid trends as maladaptive behavior that can be unlearned. 
  • Eric Berne construed the self-fulfilling nature of manipulative trends as negative life scripts. 
  • Albert Ellis noted that a manipulative mindset is held in place by a set of irrational assumptions. 
  • Aaron Beck referred to manipulations as exaggerated cognitive processes.
Compass Therapy adds that understanding the particular ways that core fear infuses and drives the manipulative trends (Dependent, Aggressive, Withdrawn, and Controlling) provides vital clues that facilitate healing and promote wholeness, regardless of whether this transformation is called personality integration, spiritual formation, sanctification, or self-actualizing in Christ.

For more, read:


Christian Personality Theory





Thursday, March 7, 2013

Counseling the Paranoid Personality Disorder

Treating the paranoid personality disorder involves embracing a paradox: the best therapeutic strategy is to give up the need to help them

Why? Because their radar will translate any conscious or unconscious need of yours as a devious attempt to influence them. If you want to help them, they will see this as condescension—that you’re really only interested in taking their money or building your ego at their expense.

In other words, they come in armed to the teeth to defend themselves against dependence upon you or learning anything from you. Fritz Perls called this the bear-trapping game, by which he meant that aggressive-oriented counselees lay out traps that spring into action when you least expect it. 

Springing A Trap

They may cajole you with questions about your qualifications, your personal life, or your intentions for them, then place your words or actions into a distorted context that is aimed at your humiliation. Or they may jump on a phrase you use and put you on the hot seat.

You would not be human if you didn’t feel the occasional sting from these machinations. Yet you can foresee and avoid most traps by:
  1. Developing modest expectations for the therapy.
  2. Engaging the counselee at a more objective than subjective level.
  3. When appropriate, uncovering the structure and function of the paranoid Arguer pattern with calm aplomb. 
  4. Equally important is keeping the motivation for every aspect of therapy squarely on the counselee’s shoulders. 

One might wonder why paranoid Arguers are willing to seek therapy, let alone pay for it.

The most common answer is that they are motivated to recruit a mental health professional into agreeing with them that someone in their interpersonal world is stupid, devious, and argumentative because they are not doing what the Arguer wants them to do.

If they can convince you to agree with them that the other person (usually a spouse, child, or work associate) is guilty and they are innocent victims, then they can use your expert opinion as a hammer for battering the other person.

By thoroughly mastering the paranoid mentality, you develop immunity from various paranoid tactics that could otherwise leave you rattled

If you know their pattern as well as they experience it from inside themselves, and yet don’t use your knowledge to blame and attack them, they detect that they can’t manipulate you. Their trust and respect
for you as a therapist increases.

Here are a few points to keep in mind:
  1. Paranoid Arguers are stubborn and proud of it. 
  2. Their views are always right. 
  3. Criticize them and they become vindictive. 
  4. Threaten them and they become stronger. 
  5. Attack them and they make vengeful plans to make your life miserable.

Paranoid Arguer
 
Their thought patterns run along these lines:

  • People can’t be trusted because they are devious and will side against you.
  • I am honest in saying that my philosophy of life is how things really are.
  • I must test those around me to see if they are loyal.
  • Other people want to interfere with my freedom, put me down, and discriminate against me. 
  • I have never received the good treatment that society owes me.
  • If people seem friendly, they’re only trying to manipulate me.
  • I need to be constantly on guard against adversaries who want to take advantage of me.
  • I am hard-nosed and proud of it.
  • People make me angry because they are untrustworthy and exasperating.

For more on techniques for working with the Paranoid Personality Disorder, read: